Bairnsdale

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    "raw_text": "{\"generator_identity\":{\"site_name\":\"Bairnsdale\",\"duid\":\"BDL01\",\"owner\":\"Alinta DEBO (Alinta Energy)\",\"region\":\"VIC1\",\"technology_type\":\"Turbine - OCGT\",\"fuel_type\":\"Fossil - Natural Gas Pipeline\"},\"financial_profile\":{\"generator_type_normalised\":\"ocgt\",\"capex_total_aud\":103071000,\"capex_year\":2024,\"capex_basis\":\"default\",\"capex_per_mw_aud\":2193000,\"capex_per_mwh_aud\":null,\"fixed_opex_annual_aud\":816296,\"fixed_opex_per_mw_year_aud\":17368,\"variable_opex_per_mwh_aud\":16.1,\"fuel_cost_per_gj_aud\":12,\"fuel_contract_notes\":\"No public generator-specific Bairnsdale gas supply price or long-term fuel contract was found. Bairnsdale Power Station is identified as a delivery point on Jemena's Eastern Gas Pipeline. AEMO's 2024 forecasting assumptions describe gas price projections as remaining close to $12/GJ, and Jemena's EGP pricing methodology notes possible Bairnsdale lateral charges for shippers seeking services to Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"heat_rate_gj_per_mwh\":10.5,\"efficiency_pct\":34.3,\"emissions_intensity_tco2_mwh\":0.541,\"asset_life_years\":40,\"discount_rate_pct\":null,\"source_confidence\":\"medium\",\"data_status\":\"partially_verified\",\"notes\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station is verified as an operating 94 MW natural-gas-fired peaking station; BDL01 is one 47 MW unit. No original 2001 construction capex for BDL01/Bairnsdale was found in public sources, so capex is a default 2024 new-build small OCGT EPC proxy from Aurecon/AEMO applied to the 47 MW DUID. The capex proxy excludes land/development and fuel connection costs and includes assumptions not necessarily applicable to Bairnsdale, including liquid fuel storage and hydrogen capability. Fixed and variable O&M are also default small-GT values from Aurecon/AEMO. Heat rate is AEMO's Bairnsdale static HHV as-generated heat rate. Efficiency is calculated as 3.6/10.50. Emissions intensity is calculated from AEMO heat rate and the 2025 Australian NGA factor for pipeline natural gas of 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ. AEMO variable heat-rate data for Bairnsdale also gives base heat input 127.83 GJ/h and incremental heat rate 7.78 GJ/MWh. No public closure date or major Bairnsdale-specific refurbishment announcement was found; AEMO PFR reporting shows BDL01 and BDL02 required PFR settings by 30 June 2021, and Alinta's current generation page lists Bairnsdale as operating.\"},\"sources\":[{\"field_name\":\"site_identity_capacity_owner\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station, VIC; Capacity: 94 MW; natural gas-fired peaking power station; supplies fast-start power.\",\"value_numeric\":94,\"unit\":\"MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.alintaenergy.com.au/about-us/power-generation\",\"source_title\":\"Generation\",\"publisher\":\"Alinta Energy\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station, VIC; Capacity: 94 MW; Bairnsdale Power Station is a natural gas-fired peaking power station servicing the East Gippsland region of Victoria. The smallest power station in our portfolio, it supplies fast-start power to bolster reliability of the network.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Owner page confirms Bairnsdale is an Alinta Energy natural-gas peaking station with 94 MW total station capacity.\"},{\"field_name\":\"duid_capacity\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale PS BDL01 registered capacity 47 MW; BDL02 47 MW.\",\"value_numeric\":47,\"unit\":\"MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/initiatives/primary-frequency-response/2021/pfr-implementation-report-v15-18-may-21.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Implementation of the National Electricity Amendment (Mandatory Primary Frequency Response) Rule 2020: Status as at 18 May 2021\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2021-05-18\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale PS BDL01 47 30 Jun 21; Bairnsdale PS BDL02 47 30 Jun 21.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO identifies BDL01 as a 47 MW registered-capacity generating unit at Bairnsdale.\"},{\"field_name\":\"commissioning_and_unit_type\",\"value_text\":\"Commissioned in 2001; two GE LM6000PD gas turbines.\",\"value_numeric\":2001,\"unit\":\"year\",\"source_url\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bairnsdale_Power_Station\",\"source_title\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station\",\"publisher\":\"Wikipedia, citing Alinta Energy/Reeves Plains appendices\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"low\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The station was commissioned in 2001. It has two GE LM6000PD gas turbines.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Secondary source indicates the plant was commissioned in 2001 and consists of two LM6000PD aero-derivative gas turbines; used only as contextual operating-history information.\"},{\"field_name\":\"capex_per_mw_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default new-build OCGT small-GT EPC relative cost of AUD 2,193/kW net basis; applied to BDL01 47 MW. Total = 2,193,000 AUD/MW * 47 MW = 103,071,000 AUD.\",\"value_numeric\":2193000,\"unit\":\"AUD/MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Table 4-31 Cost estimate: CAPEX – EPC cost; Relative cost $/kW; Small GT 2,193; Net basis. Includes liquid fuel storage (30 hours) and associated infrastructure... Relative cost does not include land and development costs.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Because Bairnsdale-specific construction capex was not found, the AEMO/Aurecon 2024 small-GT OCGT EPC benchmark was used as a default capex proxy for a 47 MW unit.\"},{\"field_name\":\"capex_total_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default new-build EPC capex estimate for BDL01 = AUD 103.071 million, calculated from 47 MW capacity and AUD 2.193 million/MW small-GT OCGT benchmark.\",\"value_numeric\":103071000,\"unit\":\"AUD\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Relative cost $/kW 2,193... Total EPC cost $430,943,200... Cost of land and development... Assuming 9% of CAPEX. Fuel connection costs $21.2M + $1.6M/km.\",\"ai_summary\":\"The capex total is a derived default, not reported Bairnsdale capex; it excludes site-specific land, development and fuel connection costs.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fixed_opex_per_mw_year_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default OCGT small-GT fixed O&M cost AUD 17,368/MW-year.\",\"value_numeric\":17368,\"unit\":\"AUD/MW-year\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"OPEX – Annual (excluding fuel); Fixed O&M Cost $/MW (Net) 17,368 [Small GT]; Based on Aurecon internal database. Labour cost adjustment from 2023 included.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Small-GT OCGT fixed O&M benchmark used as a default due to absence of Bairnsdale-specific fixed O&M disclosure.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fixed_opex_annual_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default annual fixed O&M estimate = AUD 17,368/MW-year * 47 MW = AUD 816,296/year.\",\"value_numeric\":816296,\"unit\":\"AUD\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"OPEX – Annual (excluding fuel); Fixed O&M Cost $/MW (Net) 17,368 [Small GT].\",\"ai_summary\":\"Annual fixed O&M is a derived default for the 47 MW BDL01 unit.\"},{\"field_name\":\"variable_opex_per_mwh_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default OCGT small-GT variable O&M cost AUD 16.1/MWh, excluding fuel.\",\"value_numeric\":16.1,\"unit\":\"AUD/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Variable O&M Cost $/MWh (Net) 16.1 [Small GT]; Based on Aurecon internal database... Assumes less than 1 start per day. Additional starts may incur higher maintenance costs depending on OEM maintenance schedule calculation considering starts.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Small-GT OCGT variable O&M benchmark used as a default; actual Bairnsdale maintenance cost may vary with starts and OEM contract terms.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_cost_per_gj_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Generic gas price assumption close to AUD 12/GJ; not a Bairnsdale-specific fuel contract price.\",\"value_numeric\":12,\"unit\":\"AUD/GJ\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/electricity/nem/planning_and_forecasting/nem_esoo/2024/2024-forecasting-assumptions-update.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Forecasting Assumptions Update\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The gas price projections all feature a high starting point... but remain close to $12/GJ, reflecting the impact of the Code and gas price cap.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO's 2024 generic east-coast gas price forecast is used as an estimated fuel price because no Bairnsdale-specific gas supply price was found.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_contract_notes\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station is an Eastern Gas Pipeline delivery point; gas type is natural gas; Bairnsdale lateral charges may apply to shippers.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.jemena.com.au/gas/pipelines/Eastern-Gas-Pipeline/\",\"source_title\":\"Eastern Gas Pipeline\",\"publisher\":\"Jemena\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Receipt Point(s) GBJV Longford, Orbost (Patricia Baleen), VicHub; Delivery Points Area 1: Bairnsdale (Lateral) - City Gate, Bairnsdale (Lateral) - Power Station... Type of Gas Transported: Natural gas...\",\"ai_summary\":\"Jemena identifies the Bairnsdale Power Station delivery point on the Eastern Gas Pipeline, supporting the pipeline-gas fuel assumption.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_contract_notes_transport_charges\",\"value_text\":\"EGP pricing methodology includes a Bairnsdale lateral charge for services to Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.jemena.com.au/siteassets/asset-folder/documents/pipeline/egp/egp-transportation-services-29.02.2024.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Eastern Gas Pipeline Transportation Services and Pricing Methodology\",\"publisher\":\"Jemena\",\"published_date\":\"2024-02-29\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"There are also charges which may apply for... Bairnsdale lateral charge for shippers seeking services to Bairnsdale City Gate or Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Transport costs may include Bairnsdale lateral charges; exact generator contract terms were not found.\"},{\"field_name\":\"heat_rate_gj_per_mwh\",\"value_text\":\"AEMO Bairnsdale static heat rate 10.50 GJ/MWh, HHV as-generated; variable heat-rate parameters base 127.83 GJ/h and incremental 7.78 GJ/MWh.\",\"value_numeric\":10.5,\"unit\":\"GJ/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/stakeholder_consultation/consultations/nsp_consultations/2020/aemo-heat-rate-data.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"AEMO Heat Rate Data\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Heat rates encapsulates the efficiency of thermal generators (as-generated, HHV)... Bairnsdale 10.50 127.83 7.78. Notes: Static heat rates are used for long term modeling. Variable heat rates are used for detailed time sequential phase of the modeling.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO provides generator-specific heat-rate parameters for Bairnsdale; static heat rate is used for the profile.\"},{\"field_name\":\"efficiency_pct\",\"value_text\":\"Calculated HHV efficiency = 3.6 GJ/MWh electricity / 10.50 GJ/MWh fuel = 34.3%.\",\"value_numeric\":34.3,\"unit\":\"%\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/stakeholder_consultation/consultations/nsp_consultations/2020/aemo-heat-rate-data.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"AEMO Heat Rate Data\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale 10.50 [static heat rate, GJ/MWh]... Heat rates encapsulates the efficiency of thermal generators (as-generated, HHV).\",\"ai_summary\":\"Efficiency is derived from AEMO's Bairnsdale HHV heat rate.\"},{\"field_name\":\"emissions_intensity_tco2_mwh\",\"value_text\":\"Calculated scope 1 fuel-combustion emissions intensity = 10.50 GJ/MWh * 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ / 1000 = 0.541 tCO2-e/MWh.\",\"value_numeric\":0.541,\"unit\":\"tCO2-e/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.dcceew.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/national-greenhouse-account-factors-2025.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025\",\"publisher\":\"DCCEEW\",\"published_date\":\"2025\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Natural gas distributed in a pipeline... Scope 1 Emission Factor... Combined gases 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Emissions intensity is calculated from AEMO heat rate and the Australian Government 2025 NGA factor for pipeline natural gas combustion.\"},{\"field_name\":\"asset_life_years\",\"value_text\":\"Aurecon/AEMO OCGT technical operational life 40 years; economic design life 25 years.\",\"value_numeric\":40,\"unit\":\"years\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Economic Life (Design Life) Years 25... Technical Life (Operational Life) Years 40.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Operational asset-life assumption uses AEMO/Aurecon technical life for OCGT; economic-life assumption is shorter at 25 years.\"},{\"field_name\":\"major_refurbishment_or_closure_notes\",\"value_text\":\"No Bairnsdale-specific closure announcement found. AEMO PFR report shows BDL01 operational obligations; Alinta page currently lists Bairnsdale as operating. A 2015/16 Alinta report describes Bairnsdale-type aero-derivative turbines as efficient and reliable but does not announce a Bairnsdale refurbishment.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.alintaenergy.com.au/content/dam/alinta/documents/sustainability-reports/AE%20Sustainability%20Report%20FY16.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Alinta Energy Sustainability Report 2015/16\",\"publisher\":\"Alinta Energy\",\"published_date\":\"2016\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The replacement unit, similar to those operated at our Bairnsdale power station, is capable of operating at lower heat rates, using less gas, and has proven high reliability and availability standards.\",\"ai_summary\":\"The source supports that Bairnsdale operates aero-derivative turbines regarded by Alinta as efficient/reliable; no Bairnsdale-specific refurbishment or closure was identified in searched public sources.\"}],\"warnings\":[\"Original Bairnsdale/BDL01 construction capex was not found in public sources; capex is a 2024 default new-build OCGT proxy, not reported 2001 nominal capex.\",\"Fixed O&M and variable O&M are technology defaults from AEMO/Aurecon, not Bairnsdale-specific accounts or contracts.\",\"Fuel cost is an estimated generic east-coast gas price assumption; no Bairnsdale-specific gas commodity contract price was found.\",\"Commissioning year and LM6000PD unit type were only found in secondary sources citing Alinta/Reeves Plains documents, so confidence is low for that contextual item.\",\"Asset life uses a generic OCGT technical life; the existing plant is already around 25 years old if commissioned in 2001, so remaining life depends on condition, maintenance, market role and owner decisions.\"]}",
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                        "text": "{\"generator_identity\":{\"site_name\":\"Bairnsdale\",\"duid\":\"BDL01\",\"owner\":\"Alinta DEBO (Alinta Energy)\",\"region\":\"VIC1\",\"technology_type\":\"Turbine - OCGT\",\"fuel_type\":\"Fossil - Natural Gas Pipeline\"},\"financial_profile\":{\"generator_type_normalised\":\"ocgt\",\"capex_total_aud\":103071000,\"capex_year\":2024,\"capex_basis\":\"default\",\"capex_per_mw_aud\":2193000,\"capex_per_mwh_aud\":null,\"fixed_opex_annual_aud\":816296,\"fixed_opex_per_mw_year_aud\":17368,\"variable_opex_per_mwh_aud\":16.1,\"fuel_cost_per_gj_aud\":12,\"fuel_contract_notes\":\"No public generator-specific Bairnsdale gas supply price or long-term fuel contract was found. Bairnsdale Power Station is identified as a delivery point on Jemena's Eastern Gas Pipeline. AEMO's 2024 forecasting assumptions describe gas price projections as remaining close to $12/GJ, and Jemena's EGP pricing methodology notes possible Bairnsdale lateral charges for shippers seeking services to Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"heat_rate_gj_per_mwh\":10.5,\"efficiency_pct\":34.3,\"emissions_intensity_tco2_mwh\":0.541,\"asset_life_years\":40,\"discount_rate_pct\":null,\"source_confidence\":\"medium\",\"data_status\":\"partially_verified\",\"notes\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station is verified as an operating 94 MW natural-gas-fired peaking station; BDL01 is one 47 MW unit. No original 2001 construction capex for BDL01/Bairnsdale was found in public sources, so capex is a default 2024 new-build small OCGT EPC proxy from Aurecon/AEMO applied to the 47 MW DUID. The capex proxy excludes land/development and fuel connection costs and includes assumptions not necessarily applicable to Bairnsdale, including liquid fuel storage and hydrogen capability. Fixed and variable O&M are also default small-GT values from Aurecon/AEMO. Heat rate is AEMO's Bairnsdale static HHV as-generated heat rate. Efficiency is calculated as 3.6/10.50. Emissions intensity is calculated from AEMO heat rate and the 2025 Australian NGA factor for pipeline natural gas of 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ. AEMO variable heat-rate data for Bairnsdale also gives base heat input 127.83 GJ/h and incremental heat rate 7.78 GJ/MWh. No public closure date or major Bairnsdale-specific refurbishment announcement was found; AEMO PFR reporting shows BDL01 and BDL02 required PFR settings by 30 June 2021, and Alinta's current generation page lists Bairnsdale as operating.\"},\"sources\":[{\"field_name\":\"site_identity_capacity_owner\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station, VIC; Capacity: 94 MW; natural gas-fired peaking power station; supplies fast-start power.\",\"value_numeric\":94,\"unit\":\"MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.alintaenergy.com.au/about-us/power-generation\",\"source_title\":\"Generation\",\"publisher\":\"Alinta Energy\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station, VIC; Capacity: 94 MW; Bairnsdale Power Station is a natural gas-fired peaking power station servicing the East Gippsland region of Victoria. The smallest power station in our portfolio, it supplies fast-start power to bolster reliability of the network.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Owner page confirms Bairnsdale is an Alinta Energy natural-gas peaking station with 94 MW total station capacity.\"},{\"field_name\":\"duid_capacity\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale PS BDL01 registered capacity 47 MW; BDL02 47 MW.\",\"value_numeric\":47,\"unit\":\"MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/initiatives/primary-frequency-response/2021/pfr-implementation-report-v15-18-may-21.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Implementation of the National Electricity Amendment (Mandatory Primary Frequency Response) Rule 2020: Status as at 18 May 2021\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2021-05-18\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale PS BDL01 47 30 Jun 21; Bairnsdale PS BDL02 47 30 Jun 21.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO identifies BDL01 as a 47 MW registered-capacity generating unit at Bairnsdale.\"},{\"field_name\":\"commissioning_and_unit_type\",\"value_text\":\"Commissioned in 2001; two GE LM6000PD gas turbines.\",\"value_numeric\":2001,\"unit\":\"year\",\"source_url\":\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bairnsdale_Power_Station\",\"source_title\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station\",\"publisher\":\"Wikipedia, citing Alinta Energy/Reeves Plains appendices\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"low\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The station was commissioned in 2001. It has two GE LM6000PD gas turbines.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Secondary source indicates the plant was commissioned in 2001 and consists of two LM6000PD aero-derivative gas turbines; used only as contextual operating-history information.\"},{\"field_name\":\"capex_per_mw_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default new-build OCGT small-GT EPC relative cost of AUD 2,193/kW net basis; applied to BDL01 47 MW. Total = 2,193,000 AUD/MW * 47 MW = 103,071,000 AUD.\",\"value_numeric\":2193000,\"unit\":\"AUD/MW\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Table 4-31 Cost estimate: CAPEX – EPC cost; Relative cost $/kW; Small GT 2,193; Net basis. Includes liquid fuel storage (30 hours) and associated infrastructure... Relative cost does not include land and development costs.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Because Bairnsdale-specific construction capex was not found, the AEMO/Aurecon 2024 small-GT OCGT EPC benchmark was used as a default capex proxy for a 47 MW unit.\"},{\"field_name\":\"capex_total_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default new-build EPC capex estimate for BDL01 = AUD 103.071 million, calculated from 47 MW capacity and AUD 2.193 million/MW small-GT OCGT benchmark.\",\"value_numeric\":103071000,\"unit\":\"AUD\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Relative cost $/kW 2,193... Total EPC cost $430,943,200... Cost of land and development... Assuming 9% of CAPEX. Fuel connection costs $21.2M + $1.6M/km.\",\"ai_summary\":\"The capex total is a derived default, not reported Bairnsdale capex; it excludes site-specific land, development and fuel connection costs.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fixed_opex_per_mw_year_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default OCGT small-GT fixed O&M cost AUD 17,368/MW-year.\",\"value_numeric\":17368,\"unit\":\"AUD/MW-year\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"OPEX – Annual (excluding fuel); Fixed O&M Cost $/MW (Net) 17,368 [Small GT]; Based on Aurecon internal database. Labour cost adjustment from 2023 included.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Small-GT OCGT fixed O&M benchmark used as a default due to absence of Bairnsdale-specific fixed O&M disclosure.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fixed_opex_annual_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default annual fixed O&M estimate = AUD 17,368/MW-year * 47 MW = AUD 816,296/year.\",\"value_numeric\":816296,\"unit\":\"AUD\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"OPEX – Annual (excluding fuel); Fixed O&M Cost $/MW (Net) 17,368 [Small GT].\",\"ai_summary\":\"Annual fixed O&M is a derived default for the 47 MW BDL01 unit.\"},{\"field_name\":\"variable_opex_per_mwh_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Default OCGT small-GT variable O&M cost AUD 16.1/MWh, excluding fuel.\",\"value_numeric\":16.1,\"unit\":\"AUD/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Variable O&M Cost $/MWh (Net) 16.1 [Small GT]; Based on Aurecon internal database... Assumes less than 1 start per day. Additional starts may incur higher maintenance costs depending on OEM maintenance schedule calculation considering starts.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Small-GT OCGT variable O&M benchmark used as a default; actual Bairnsdale maintenance cost may vary with starts and OEM contract terms.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_cost_per_gj_aud\",\"value_text\":\"Generic gas price assumption close to AUD 12/GJ; not a Bairnsdale-specific fuel contract price.\",\"value_numeric\":12,\"unit\":\"AUD/GJ\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/electricity/nem/planning_and_forecasting/nem_esoo/2024/2024-forecasting-assumptions-update.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Forecasting Assumptions Update\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The gas price projections all feature a high starting point... but remain close to $12/GJ, reflecting the impact of the Code and gas price cap.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO's 2024 generic east-coast gas price forecast is used as an estimated fuel price because no Bairnsdale-specific gas supply price was found.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_contract_notes\",\"value_text\":\"Bairnsdale Power Station is an Eastern Gas Pipeline delivery point; gas type is natural gas; Bairnsdale lateral charges may apply to shippers.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.jemena.com.au/gas/pipelines/Eastern-Gas-Pipeline/\",\"source_title\":\"Eastern Gas Pipeline\",\"publisher\":\"Jemena\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Receipt Point(s) GBJV Longford, Orbost (Patricia Baleen), VicHub; Delivery Points Area 1: Bairnsdale (Lateral) - City Gate, Bairnsdale (Lateral) - Power Station... Type of Gas Transported: Natural gas...\",\"ai_summary\":\"Jemena identifies the Bairnsdale Power Station delivery point on the Eastern Gas Pipeline, supporting the pipeline-gas fuel assumption.\"},{\"field_name\":\"fuel_contract_notes_transport_charges\",\"value_text\":\"EGP pricing methodology includes a Bairnsdale lateral charge for services to Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.jemena.com.au/siteassets/asset-folder/documents/pipeline/egp/egp-transportation-services-29.02.2024.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Eastern Gas Pipeline Transportation Services and Pricing Methodology\",\"publisher\":\"Jemena\",\"published_date\":\"2024-02-29\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"There are also charges which may apply for... Bairnsdale lateral charge for shippers seeking services to Bairnsdale City Gate or Bairnsdale Power Station.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Transport costs may include Bairnsdale lateral charges; exact generator contract terms were not found.\"},{\"field_name\":\"heat_rate_gj_per_mwh\",\"value_text\":\"AEMO Bairnsdale static heat rate 10.50 GJ/MWh, HHV as-generated; variable heat-rate parameters base 127.83 GJ/h and incremental 7.78 GJ/MWh.\",\"value_numeric\":10.5,\"unit\":\"GJ/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/stakeholder_consultation/consultations/nsp_consultations/2020/aemo-heat-rate-data.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"AEMO Heat Rate Data\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Heat rates encapsulates the efficiency of thermal generators (as-generated, HHV)... Bairnsdale 10.50 127.83 7.78. Notes: Static heat rates are used for long term modeling. Variable heat rates are used for detailed time sequential phase of the modeling.\",\"ai_summary\":\"AEMO provides generator-specific heat-rate parameters for Bairnsdale; static heat rate is used for the profile.\"},{\"field_name\":\"efficiency_pct\",\"value_text\":\"Calculated HHV efficiency = 3.6 GJ/MWh electricity / 10.50 GJ/MWh fuel = 34.3%.\",\"value_numeric\":34.3,\"unit\":\"%\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/files/stakeholder_consultation/consultations/nsp_consultations/2020/aemo-heat-rate-data.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"AEMO Heat Rate Data\",\"publisher\":\"AEMO\",\"published_date\":null,\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Bairnsdale 10.50 [static heat rate, GJ/MWh]... Heat rates encapsulates the efficiency of thermal generators (as-generated, HHV).\",\"ai_summary\":\"Efficiency is derived from AEMO's Bairnsdale HHV heat rate.\"},{\"field_name\":\"emissions_intensity_tco2_mwh\",\"value_text\":\"Calculated scope 1 fuel-combustion emissions intensity = 10.50 GJ/MWh * 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ / 1000 = 0.541 tCO2-e/MWh.\",\"value_numeric\":0.541,\"unit\":\"tCO2-e/MWh\",\"source_url\":\"https://www.dcceew.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/national-greenhouse-account-factors-2025.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025\",\"publisher\":\"DCCEEW\",\"published_date\":\"2025\",\"confidence\":\"high\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Natural gas distributed in a pipeline... Scope 1 Emission Factor... Combined gases 51.53 kg CO2-e/GJ.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Emissions intensity is calculated from AEMO heat rate and the Australian Government 2025 NGA factor for pipeline natural gas combustion.\"},{\"field_name\":\"asset_life_years\",\"value_text\":\"Aurecon/AEMO OCGT technical operational life 40 years; economic design life 25 years.\",\"value_numeric\":40,\"unit\":\"years\",\"source_url\":\"https://aemo.com.au/-/media/files/major-publications/isp/2025/aurecon-2024-energy-technology-costs-and-technical-parameter-review.pdf?la=en\",\"source_title\":\"2024 Energy Technology Cost and Technical Parameter Review\",\"publisher\":\"Aurecon for AEMO\",\"published_date\":\"2024-12-06\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"Economic Life (Design Life) Years 25... Technical Life (Operational Life) Years 40.\",\"ai_summary\":\"Operational asset-life assumption uses AEMO/Aurecon technical life for OCGT; economic-life assumption is shorter at 25 years.\"},{\"field_name\":\"major_refurbishment_or_closure_notes\",\"value_text\":\"No Bairnsdale-specific closure announcement found. AEMO PFR report shows BDL01 operational obligations; Alinta page currently lists Bairnsdale as operating. A 2015/16 Alinta report describes Bairnsdale-type aero-derivative turbines as efficient and reliable but does not announce a Bairnsdale refurbishment.\",\"value_numeric\":null,\"unit\":null,\"source_url\":\"https://www.alintaenergy.com.au/content/dam/alinta/documents/sustainability-reports/AE%20Sustainability%20Report%20FY16.pdf\",\"source_title\":\"Alinta Energy Sustainability Report 2015/16\",\"publisher\":\"Alinta Energy\",\"published_date\":\"2016\",\"confidence\":\"medium\",\"raw_excerpt\":\"The replacement unit, similar to those operated at our Bairnsdale power station, is capable of operating at lower heat rates, using less gas, and has proven high reliability and availability standards.\",\"ai_summary\":\"The source supports that Bairnsdale operates aero-derivative turbines regarded by Alinta as efficient/reliable; no Bairnsdale-specific refurbishment or closure was identified in searched public sources.\"}],\"warnings\":[\"Original Bairnsdale/BDL01 construction capex was not found in public sources; capex is a 2024 default new-build OCGT proxy, not reported 2001 nominal capex.\",\"Fixed O&M and variable O&M are technology defaults from AEMO/Aurecon, not Bairnsdale-specific accounts or contracts.\",\"Fuel cost is an estimated generic east-coast gas price assumption; no Bairnsdale-specific gas commodity contract price was found.\",\"Commissioning year and LM6000PD unit type were only found in secondary sources citing Alinta/Reeves Plains documents, so confidence is low for that contextual item.\",\"Asset life uses a generic OCGT technical life; the existing plant is already around 25 years old if commissioned in 2001, so remaining life depends on condition, maintenance, market role and owner decisions.\"]}"
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